Application Note
Instant elemental and valence mapping with GIF Continuum using internal standards
August 1, 2024
Copper
Element density: 8.92 g/cm3
Electron configuration: [Ar]3d104s1
Oxidation states: +1,2
Edges
Explore electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) reference spectra, featuring major and minor edges used for elemental identification and chemical state analysis in materials research.
Major edges | |||
|---|---|---|---|
K | 8979 |
|  |
L2 | 951 |  |  |
L3 | 931 | | |
M2,3 | 74 |  | |
Minor edges | |||
|---|---|---|---|
L1 | 1097 |
| |
M1 | 120 |
|  |
Considerations
Rich ELNES structure in L2,3-edges. White line ratio and energy shift used to determine oxidation state. Metallic state does not have white lines due to filling of d-state. White line appearance is sensitive measure of initial oxidation.
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Related spectral data
Cu thin film (0 – 170 eV)
Material analyzed: Cu
Related elements: Copper
Data contributor: Gatan
Beam energy (keV): 1
Nominal energy range (eV): 0 – 170
Collection semi-angle effective (mrad): 2
Notes: Serial EELS; not in atlas; 15 sweeps 20 ms dwell; analog only
Cu thin film (0 – 180 eV)
Material analyzed: Cu
Related elements: Copper
Data contributor: Gatan
Beam energy (keV): 200
Nominal energy range (eV): 0 – 180
Collection semi-angle effective (mrad): 100
Notes: Serial EELS; 15 sweeps 16.67 ms dwell
Cu thin film (0 – 1930 eV)
Material analyzed: Cu
Related elements: Copper
Data contributor: Gatan
Beam energy (keV): 200
Nominal energy range (eV): 0 – 1930
Collection semi-angle effective (mrad): 100
Notes: Serial EELS; 90 sweeps 20 ms dwell
Cu metal thin film (820 – 1320 eV)
Material analyzed: Cu
Related elements: Copper
Data contributor: Gatan
Beam energy (keV): 1
Nominal energy range (eV): 820 – 1320
Collection semi-angle effective (mrad): 100
Notes: Serial EELS; 1 sweep 500 ms dwell
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Unlock the power of electron energy loss spectroscopy—explore cutting-edge applications, dive into expert-led webinars, and discover insights through detailed application notes that fuel scientific breakthroughs.
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Media Gallery
Immerse yourself in the world of scientific discovery—explore striking microscopy images that reveal the unseen, alongside videos and tutorials showcasing the electron energy loss spectroscopy technology in action.
